curl命令 elasticsearch 增删改查

访问量:1197 创建时间:2020-08-11

HTTP 协议本身语义： GET 获取资源。 POST 新建资源（也可以用于更新资源）。 PUT 更新资源。 DELETE 删除资源。

ES通过HTTP Restful方式管理数据： - 格式：#操作 /index/type/id (#操作符索引名/类型/主键) - 操作：可以进行 - 添加（POST） - 修改（PUT） - 删除（DELETE） - 查询（GET） - 批量插入（_bulk） - 批量获取（_mget）

查看所有索引

[root@admin ~]# curl -X GET 'http://192.168.1.76:9200/_cat/indices?v'

列出索引类型

[root@admin ~]# curl 'http://192.168.1.76:9200/_mapping?pretty=true'

新建索引wwwwww

[root@admin ~]# curl -X PUT  "http://192.168.1.76:9200/wwwwww"

查询索引信息

[root@admin ~]# curl -X GET "http://192.168.1.76:9200/logstash-nginx-*.*?pretty"
[root@admin ~]# curl -X GET "http://192.168.1.76:9200/logstash-nginx-2020.08.11?pretty"

post添加数据,未指定id随机创建

[root@admin ~]# curl -X POST  -H "Content-Type: application/json" "http://192.168.1.76:9200/su/i" --data '{"name":"s","age":19}'
{"_index":"su","_type":"i","_id":"HI_323MBKV9-De-YLRP6","_version":1,"result":"created","_shards":{"total":2,"successful":1,"failed":0},"_seq_no":0,"_primary_term":1}

通过elasticsearch 的header插件查看数据：

删除索引

[root@admin ~]# curl -X DELETE "http://192.168.1.76:9200/su"
{"acknowledged":true}

删除指定id数据

[root@admin ~]# curl -X DELETE "http://192.168.1.76:9200/su/i/II8I3HMBKV9-De-YjyHC"
{"_index":"su","_type":"i","_id":"II8I3HMBKV9-De-YjyHC","_version":2,"result":"deleted","_shards":{"total":2,"successful":1,"failed":0},"_seq_no":1,"_primary_term":1}

增加数据或者修改数据（指定id,id存在更新数据，id不存在就插入新数据）

[root@admin ~]# curl -X PUT  -H "Content-Type: application/json" "http://192.168.1.76:9200/su/i/II8I3HMBKV9-De-YjyHC" --data '{"name":"f","age":22}'
[root@admin ~]# curl -X PUT  -H "Content-Type: application/json" "http://192.168.1.76:9200/su/i/111" --data '{"name":"f","age":22}'

修改数据个别字段(用post方法和 _update)

[root@admin ~]# curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" "http://192.168.1.76:9200/su/i/111/_update" --data '{"doc":{"name":"haha"}}'

查询数据（查询所有数据）

[root@admin ~]# curl   "http://192.168.1.76:9200/su/i/_search"
{"took":0,"timed_out":false,"_shards":{"total":1,"successful":1,"skipped":0,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":{"value":2,"relation":"eq"},"max_score":1.0,"hits":[{"_index":"su","_type":"i","_id":"II8I3HMBKV9-De-YjyHC","_score":1.0,"_source":{"name":"f","age":22}},{"_index":"su","_type":"i","_id":"111","_score":1.0,"_source":{"name":"haha","age":22}}]}}
#took该操作的耗时,单位为毫秒.
#timed_out字段表示是否超时.
#hits字段表示命中的记录，字段含义如下.
#total：返回记录数2条.
#max_score：最高的匹配程度，本例是1.0.
#hits：返回的记录组成的数组.
#每条记录都有一个_score字段，表示匹配的程序，默认是按照这个字段降序排列.

根据feild查询(q=字段名="要查询的字段值")

[root@admin ~]# curl -X GET 'http://192.168.1.76:9200/su/i/_search?q=name="haha"'

Match查询,match查询会先对搜索词进行分词，分词完毕后再逐个对分词结果进行匹配，相对于term的精确搜索，match是分词匹配搜索，match搜索还有两个相似功能的变种：match_phrase、multi_match

[root@admin ~]# curl -H "Content-Type: application/json"  -X GET 'http://192.168.1.76:9200/su/_search' -d '{"query":{"match":{"name":"haha"}}}'
{"took":0,"timed_out":false,"_shards":{"total":1,"successful":1,"skipped":0,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":{"value":1,"relation":"eq"},"max_score":0.6931471,"hits":[{"_index":"su","_type":"i","_id":"111","_score":0.6931471,"_source":{"name":"haha","age":22}}]}}
[root@admin ~]# curl -H "Content-Type: application/json"  -X GET 'http://192.168.1.76:9200/logstash-nginx-2020.08.11/_search' -d '{"query":{"match":{"domain":"www.example.com"}},"size":1}'
#"size":1作用只返回1个查询结果

查询结果分页

[root@admin ~]# curl -H "Content-Type: application/json"  -X GET 'http://192.168.1.76:9200/su/_search' -d '{"query":{"match":{"name":"haha"}},"from":1,"size":4}'
#默认"from" : 0, "size" : 10

排序sort

[root@admin ~]# curl -H "Content-Type: application/json"  -X GET 'http://192.168.1.76:9200/su/_search' -d '{"query":{"match":{"name":"haha"}},"sort": [{"name": "desc"},"_score"]}'
#（以上命令会报错）es的text字段默认禁止聚合/排序操作，需要开启 fielddata=true，但是会消耗更多内存；也可以针对text字段额外映射一个keyword字段,使用keyword字段来进行排序、聚合和脚本操作,ext用于全文搜索的,而keyword用于关键词搜索.

###对text字段添加keyword，然后排序：
[root@admin ~]# curl -H "Content-Type: application/json"  -X PUT 'http://192.168.1.76:9200/su/_mapping' -d '{
  "properties":{
    "name":{
      "type":"text",
      "fields":{
        "keyword":{
          "type":"keyword"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}'
###对keyword字段排序使用name.keyword，字段.keyword 形式
[root@admin ~]# curl -H "Content-Type: application/json"  -X POST 'http://192.168.1.76:9200/su/_search' -d '{"sort": {"name.keyword": "desc"},"query":{"term":{"name":"haha"}}}'

###开启fielddata方式进行排序：
[root@admin ~]# curl -H "Content-Type: application/json"  -X PUT 'http://192.168.1.76:9200/su/_mapping' -d '
{
 "properties":{
    "name":{
        "type": "text",
        "fielddata": true
        }
      }
}'
[root@admin ~]# curl -H "Content-Type: apOST 'http://192.168.1.76:9200/su/_search' -d '{"sort": {"name": "desc"},"query":{"term":{"name":"haha"}}}'

多字段排序

[root@admin ~]# curl -H "Content-Type: application/json"  -X POST 'http://192.168.1.76:9200/su/_search' -d '{"sort": [{"name": "desc"},{"age":"desc"}],"query":{"term":{"name":"haha"}}}'

term查询,term代表完全匹配，也就是精确查询，搜索前不会再对搜索词进行分词

[root@admin ~]# curl -H "Content-Type: application/json"  -X GET 'http://192.168.1.76:9200/su/_search' -d '{"query":{"term":{"name":"haha"}}}'
{"took":0,"timed_out":false,"_shards":{"total":1,"successful":1,"skipped":0,"failed":0},"hits":{"total":{"value":1,"relation":"eq"},"max_score":0.6931471,"hits":[{"_index":"su","_type":"i","_id":"111","_score":0.6931471,"_source":{"name":"haha","age":22}}]}}

多条件查询(使用bool下的must)

[root@admin ~]# curl -H "Content-Type: application/json"  -X GET 'http://192.168.1.76:9200/logstash-nginx-2020.08.11/_search' -d '
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {"term":{"domain":"www.example.com"}},
        {"term":{"status":200}}
      ]
    }
  },
  "size":1
}'

控制返回特定字段_source

[root@admin ~]# curl -H "Content-Type: application/json"  -X POST 'http://192.168.1.76:9200/su/_search' -d '{"_source":{"includes":"name","excludes":"age"},"sort": [{"name": "desc"},{"age":"desc"}],"query":{"term":{"name":"haha"}}}'
#返回includes匹配的字段，剔除excludes匹配到的字段。

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